Abstract
Author(s): Bhumika Sehdev1*, Keflegan Girma2, Rajeshwar Singh3, P. Prasanna Kumar4 and BS. Sridhar5
Background: Periodontal disease comprises a heterogeneous group of infectious disease that lead to pathologic destruction of the periodontium. This disease affects the gingiva and cause gingival inflammation and with involving the supporting fibers and bone, the tooth becomes loose and finally the tooth is lost. Periodontitis, being one of the most prevalent diseases in the oral cavity can be supposed to be influenced by the blood grouping pattern among patients. Aim: The aim of present study was to determine association between periodontal disease status and the ABO blood groups. Materials and methods: In this cross sectional study 60 patients aged between 18-55 years of both sexes with an equal percentage of males and females were selected at random in ACHS, Mekelle, Ethiopia. This study was assessed based on blood group, complete medical and dental history and periodontal examination, consisting of PBI, PPD, and CAL, the study population was divided in to three groups as those with; Group I (patient with healthy gingiva), Group II (patients with gingivitis), and Group III (patients with periodontitis). The effects of blood subgroups on periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis were investigated separately. Result: A relatively higher percentage 35% of “A” blood group patients were found in gingivitis group, and 55% of “O”group patients were found in periodontitis group. “B” blood group patients 40% were found in relatively higher percentage in healthy gingiva. A significant relationship was also found between Rh factor and periodontitis. Conclusion: These data are suggestive of broad correlation between periodontal diseases and blood groups which may act as risk predictors for periodontal diseases. This will make it possible to better understand the risk factors of periodontal diseases and to predict the effective methods of prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases